How do I meet OGMP 2.0 Level 4 or 5 requirements without disrupting daily field operations?

Compliance at these levels requires site-level quantification and source-level attribution — which can be operationally involved. The key is adopting technology and workflows that slot into existing routines with minimal overhead. Sampling strategy optimization (e.g., with LDAR-Sim) can help reduce costs and increase efficiency.

What are best practices for operationalizing EUMR methane measurement rules across diverse assets?

Consistency and scalability are critical. Successful operators use centralized procedures with localized flexibility, backed by automated data handling and standardized reporting templates.

How do I avoid overloading field teams with new methane compliance tasks?

Avoid overload by aligning compliance with existing workflows, focusing on high-priority sites, and phasing implementation. Thoughtful program design, grounded in operational realities, can significantly reduce burden on field teams.

How should I prioritize and deploy handheld, drone, aerial, satellite, and continuous monitoring technologies across regulatory and voluntary requirements?

Effective strategies harmonize LDAR and quantification goals across compliance and voluntary frameworks. Prioritization should consider detection frequency, emission duration, and site risk. Most operators benefit from a tiered, hybrid approach combining multiple technologies. Simulation and optimization can be used to refine deployment strategy.

What technologies are best for intermittent emissions detection in cold, remote, or harsh environments?

Technology performance in harsh environments is highly context-specific and constantly evolving. O&G companies should use a combination of experience and simulation tools like LDAR-Sim to evaluate options and guide operators toward fit-for-purpose solutions.

What are common pitfalls in rolling out OGMP 2.0-compliant workflows at scale?

Lack of crew buy-in, poor data traceability, and spreadsheet sprawl. Successful programs pilot first, train second, and scale in phases.

How can I prepare audit-ready records without drowning in data management?

Invest early in structured workflows that tag, timestamp, and validate methane data automatically. Build defensibility into the process, not just the report.

What’s the most field-friendly way to reconcile top-down and bottom-up methane measurements?

Use integrated analytics platforms that automate uncertainty analysis, timestamp alignment, and equipment-level cross-checks — all in one place. Having data readily available is necessary to minimize manual engagement with operations.

What causes discrepancies between field-level readings and corporate inventories?

Source attribution errors, measurement gaps, missing categories, and time mismatches are common. Site-level reconciliation needs standardized assumptions and active QA/QC.

How do I know if methane compliance investments are paying off operationally?

Watch for reduced leak response time, lower leak counts, fewer super-emitters, improved audit outcomes, and smoother cross-team collaboration — those are your ROI signals.

What’s the most defensible way to reconcile bottom-up inventories with top-down methane measurements?

There’s no single “correct” method. Defensibility comes from transparent, well-documented reconciliation that accounts for uncertainty, site-specific context, evidence/justification, and appropriate use of data.

How do OGMP 2.0 Level 4 and 5 protocols affect how I build and validate my inventory?

OGMP 2.0 Levels 4 and 5 require integrating measurement data with bottom-up estimates, shifting toward measurement-informed inventories. This demands rigorous documentation, uncertainty quantification, and reconciliation across data sources. Validation may involve internal QA/QC or independent third-party review, so methods must be transparent, traceable, and defensible under audit.

What are common sources of uncertainty in methane inventory calculations — and how do I quantify them?

Common sources of uncertainty include emission factors, activity data quality, measurement error, temporal variability, and detection limitations. Quantifying uncertainty typically involves statistical methods, scenario analysis, or Monte Carlo simulation. Transparent assumptions and documentation are essential for defensibility.

How do I know when measurement data should replace default emissions factors in my inventory?

That depends on the regulation or voluntary framework. Some require substitution when measurement is material by asset, source category, or subcategory. Others may allow flexibility.

How should I structure my inventory to comply with both OGMP and EU Methane Regulation (EUMR)?

OGMP Level 5 is an explicitly recognized compliance pathway under the EU Methane Regulation. Structure your inventory with source-level and site-level estimates, culminating in a reconciled total for material assets and those implicated under EUMR.

What are best practices for integrating third-party measurements into corporate GHG accounting process?

Require method transparency, timestamp and location metadata, and verification protocols. Document how third-party data was reconciled and incorporated, especially if used in public disclosures.

What’s the best way to manage multiple datasets from handheld, drone, aircraft, satellite, and continuous monitors?

Use a normalized data model with standardized source categories, units, and timestamps. Track metadata and uncertainty, and link each measurement to specific sites and sources. Reconciliation workflows help integrate diverse datasets into a consistent, auditable inventory.

How do I structure a QA/QC process for methane emissions data?

Create traceable workflows with log files, versioned inputs, sensor calibration records, and reconciliation steps. Independent validation strengthens credibility.

What metrics or KPIs should I track to evaluate inventory accuracy and improvement over time?

Track event counts, data completeness, uncertainty bands, percentage of inventory supported by measurements, and reconciliation delta between predicted and observed values.

How do I explain methane inventory updates or revisions to internal stakeholders and regulators?

Anchor explanations in method changes, updated measurement campaigns, or improved uncertainty modeling — and show version comparisons with rationale and impact quantification.

How do I ensure methane reporting aligns with investor-grade ESG disclosure standards?

Most ESG standards are high-level and don’t specify methane methodologies. To align with investor expectations, ensure your reporting is transparent, consistent, and traceable. Reference credible frameworks like OGMP 2.0, MiQ, and Veritas, use measurement-informed data where material, and clearly document methods, assumptions, and uncertainties. Third-party validation and audit-ready records help build credibility.

What’s the role of OGMP 2.0 in ESG storytelling and market credibility?

Achieving Level 4 or 5 under OGMP 2.0 signals serious commitment to transparent, science-based methane disclosure — a strong signal to investors, regulators, and buyers.

What frameworks should methane reporting align with to satisfy ESG and regulatory audiences?

Align methane reporting with OGMP 2.0, which is increasingly expected by investors. Implementing OGMP 2.0 transparently can also satisfy requirements under Veritas, MiQ, the EU Methane Regulation, and other measurement-informed frameworks. Compliance with local regulations is a basic expectation for investors.

How can I position our methane performance to ratings agencies and sustainability indexes?

Highlight not just absolute emissions, but methodology improvements, audit-readiness, and measurement coverage. Contextualize performance within your peers and show year-over-year improvement.

What metrics or KPIs resonate most with ESG analysts when evaluating methane performance?

ESG analysts look for clear, comparable metrics such as methane intensity (e.g., kg CH₄ per BOE), absolute emissions trends, percentage of emissions measured vs. estimated, and alignment with targets. They also value disclosure of reduction plans, reconciliation practices, and adherence to frameworks like OGMP 2.0 or MiQ.

How do I handle third-party measurement data in our ESG reporting?

Treat third-party data like any other measurement input: assess its quality, relevance, and uncertainty. Clearly document the data source, methodology, and how it’s integrated into your inventory. Transparency is key—explain how third-party data influences results, especially if it drives significant changes.

How do I explain changes to methane inventory numbers across reporting cycles?

Use side-by-side disclosures showing methodological changes, measurement upgrades, or reconciliation improvements. It’s common for estimates to rise as measurement improves, reflecting better data, not worse performance. Transparency about why numbers change builds trust with regulators, investors, and the public.

How can I simplify methane data for boardroom and investor presentations?

Focus on trendlines, material risks, and compliance progress. Use plain language summaries with appendices for technical detail.

What do investors want to see in methane disclosures that compliance reports don’t usually cover?

Investors often look for clarity on long-term risk, strategy, and performance—not just compliance. They want to see credible reduction plans, use of high-quality measurement, trend data over time, and how methane fits into broader climate goals. Transparent assumptions, third-party validation, and alignment with voluntary frameworks like OGMP 2.0 or MiQ can help build trust beyond regulatory minimums.

What’s the reputational risk of poor methane reporting — and how do I mitigate it?

Inconsistent data, unexplained variances, surprises in public datasets, and late disclosures can erode trust. Mitigate by standardizing across business units, building defensible narratives, and engaging early with key stakeholders.

What are the key differences between OGMP 2.0 and the EU Methane Regulation?

OGMP 2.0 is voluntary and focused on transparency and continuous improvement. The EU Methane Regulation is mandatory with specific requirements domestically and for importers that implicate international producers. OGMP Level 5 is accepted under EUMR, but EUMR’s requirements extend beyond OGMP 2.0.

What are U.S. Subpart W and OOOOb/c rules for upstream methane monitoring?

Subpart W is a federal GHG reporting rule requiring detailed source-level methane data. OOOOb/c are EPA performance standards mandating routine LDAR, monitoring, and timely repairs at new and existing facilities. Both rules increase regulatory oversight and drive more rigorous methane management.

How do I prepare for enforcement under the EU Methane Regulation (EUMR)?

Compliance under EUMR differs for EU’s domestic operators, importers, exporters, and international producers. Necessary steps will depend on where you operate, the nature of your contracts, and other factors.

How do I coordinate compliance efforts across jurisdictions with conflicting or overlapping methane rules?

Harmonize reporting practices using the most stringent applicable standards as a baseline. Centralize workflows and enable modular reporting to address different requirements with shared data.

What does ‘legal-readiness’ mean for methane measurement and reporting workflows?

Legal readiness refers to the ability of oil and gas operators to comply with existing and upcoming regulations regarding methane emissions. This involves having the necessary systems, processes, and technologies in place to accurately measure, monitor, report, and verify methane emissions in a way that stands up to legal scrutiny.

How should I approach third-party measurement vendors from a liability standpoint?

Vet vendors on data methodology, availability of controlled release testing, and regulatory alignment. Ensure contracts cover data ownership, audit access, and legal defensibility in case of discrepancies.

What are common pitfalls that trigger regulatory penalties or enforcement actions?

Missing records, inconsistent measurement methods, lack of repair documentation, or underreported emissions. Most enforcement findings stem from weak internal controls — not bad intent.

How should I handle revisions to past methane reports in a way that limits legal exposure?

Document all changes transparently, cite methodological updates, and notify affected stakeholders promptly. Include version control and a signed compliance rationale.

What’s the role of regulatory engagement and advocacy in shaping feasible methane rules?

Ongoing engagement ensures industry perspectives are heard and future rules reflect operational realities. Join coalitions, contribute to consultations, and track global alignment trends.

How does methane performance affect access to international markets like the EU?

Regulations like the EU Methane Regulation require verified emissions data for cross-border operations. Non-compliance risks penalties, reputational damage, and restricted market access for exported fuels.

How do ESG investors evaluate methane management — and why does it impact cost of capital?

Many institutional investors now screen for OGMP 2.0 participation, methane intensity, and third-party verification. Strong methane controls can unlock ESG-linked financing and lower capital costs.

What are the financial benefits of reducing methane emissions?

Reducing emissions captures otherwise lost product, improving sales and operational efficiency. It can also reduce compliance penalties, improve market access, improve access to capital, and improve safety.

What’s the ROI of investing in more accurate methane measurement technologies?

Benefits include avoided fines, fewer re-surveys, enhanced asset valuation, and increased investor confidence — all contributing to risk-adjusted financial returns.

What’s the typical payback period for top-down technologies like aerial and continuous monitoring?

It varies widely based on site size, leak frequency, gas value, and operational costs. In high-emitting or remote sites, payback can be under a year. For others, value comes from compliance, safety, and avoided production losses.

How can I model long-term cost savings from automating methane data collection and reporting?

Model cost savings by comparing current manual workflows—LDAR, data entry, reconciliation, and reporting—with automated alternatives. Factor in reduced labor, fewer site visits, faster reporting, and improved compliance. Tools like scenario analysis can help quantify long-term value.

How should I prioritize methane investments across assets from a financial standpoint?

Use a capital allocation model that factors in asset value, regulatory risk, emissions intensity, and investor visibility — prioritizing high-ROI, high-exposure basins and sites.

How do I evaluate technology or data vendors in terms of financial value — not just features?

Evaluate vendors by total cost of ownership—hardware, maintenance, data access, and integration. Use simulation tools like LDAR-Sim to model financial impact, including avoided emissions, compliance savings, and reduced labor. Focus on real-world outcomes and ROI, not just technical features.

What are the hidden costs of methane non-compliance?

These include litigation risk, reputational drag on equity valuation, delayed project approvals, potential exclusion from ESG-aligned investment products, and market access.

What metrics should I use to demonstrate methane ROI to boards?

Use metrics like methane intensity, emissions reductions, avoided product loss, compliance cost savings, and technology payback period. Framing these in financial and operational terms helps boards understand ROI, risk mitigation, and alignment with climate and ESG goals.

How important is methane in net-zero targets?

Methane is crucial for near-term climate action. Reducing methane emissions, especially for O&G producers, offers fast climate benefits and is often one of the most cost-effective steps toward meeting net-zero commitments.

Which oil and gas equipment account for most methane emissions?

Key sources include well pad equipment, compressors, storage tanks, unlit flares, and gas processing plants. A small number of large leaks from this equipment—so-called “super-emitters”—often dominate total emissions.

The Highwood Bulletin 083

Thomas Fox

CEO, Highwood Emissions Management

In the U.S., EPA repealed the 2009 GHG endangerment finding, the legal foundation of federal climate regulation. In Europe, the methane regulation remains steadfast, but with little further guidance or direction, especially for international producers. Meanwhile, EEMDL has released a verification protocol, NGSI released Version 3.0 of its methodology, and white papers and reports abound. Damn is it noisy out there!

So, as usual, the methane world is having an identity crisis. On one hand, we’ve never had more answers, measurements, solutions. Technology is no longer a bottleneck. On the other hand, we’re at peak confusion. MRV is at once simple and impossible. Rigor and reproducibility matter, unless it’s inconvenient. We need comparability and accountability, but the rules keep changing.

A few observations. First, regulation is fragmenting politically yet converging commercially. Governments have not proven to be helpful. Fortunately, markets and the public increasingly want defensible numbers. Second, verification is becoming a more common word in our collective vocabulary. We are all craving trust. Third, we’re seeing a tension between “doing it right” and getting it “good enough. Tempting to take the easy road when nobody knows where the bar is.

At Highwood, we remain focused on building the trust infrastructure for MRV. We are industry’s independent partner in the face of confusion, and working our way through some gnarly problems – but committed to doing it right and using a rigorous, science-based, and auditable approach. Onwards, and until next time!

EPA Repeals Endangerment Finding

EPA has rescinded the 2009 GHG Endangerment Finding. The action is expected to face legal challenges and increases regulatory uncertainty, but it does not eliminate methane requirements at the state or federal level or change international obligations affecting oil and gas operators. (Read more)

EU Offers Simpler Path for Methane Regulation

The European Commission has proposed a simplified compliance pathway under the EU Methane Regulation, allowing the use of certificates the specify methane intensity of imported gas, or the use of “trace and claim” methods. The core requirements of the law do not change for importers and their suppliers. (Read more)

IEA Report: Methane Reductions by National Oil Companies

The IEA released a report highlighting the critical role national oil companies (NOCs) play in global methane mitigation, noting they account for more than half of oil and gas production and a large share of methane emissions. The report outlines practical steps for NOCs to strengthen measurement, transparency, and abatement. (Read the report)

MethaneSAT Provides Global Assessment

MethaneSAT released its first system-wide global assessment, providing comprehensive satellite observations of methane emissions across major oil and gas basins. Results show emissions frequently exceed reported inventories, reinforcing the need for measurement-informed inventories and independent verification to improve transparency and accountability. (Read the assessment)

EEMDL Releases Interim Final Verification Protocol

The Energy Emissions Modeling and Data Lab (EEMDL) at the University of Texas released an interim final Verification Protocol to support standardized, independent assessment of methane emissions data and measurement programs. The framework outlines requirements for data quality, quantification methods, uncertainty treatment, and third-party review to improve consistency and credibility across reporting regimes. (Read more)

Version 3 of NGSI Methods Released

The release of Version 3.0 of the Natural Gas Sustainability Initiative (NGSI) Protocol has been announced, including updated quantification methodologies and revised reporting templates. The update refines emissions accounting, data quality requirements, and disclosure guidance to better align with evolving regulatory expectations and market demand for differentiated gas. (Review the initiative)

White Paper: Next Steps for the EU Methane Regulation: Implications for U.S. and Global Gas Suppliers

The University of Texas Energy Emissions Modeling and Data Lab (EEMDL) released a white paper outlining next steps for implementation of the EU Methane Regulation and its implications for U.S. and global gas suppliers. (Read the white paper)

Zeitview Acquires Methane Detection Firm Insight M

Zeitview announced its acquisition of methane detection firm Insight M, expanding its capabilities in aerial-based emissions detection and quantification for the oil and gas sector. (Read more)

EDF’s Lessons from OGMP 2.0 Company Disclosures

EDF reviewed 2025 OGMP 2.0 company disclosures, highlighting progress in measurement-informed inventories while identifying persistent gaps. The analysis underscores the need for stronger verification, transparent methodologies, and consistent application of Level 4 and 5 requirements to improve credibility and comparability. (Review the insights)

MiQ Announces New Deals and Certifications

MiQ announced new certifications and commercial milestones, including One-Dyas becoming the first natural gas producer in the North Sea to achieve MiQ certification. Separately, Centrica Energy and Seneca Resources signed a long-term agreement for MiQ methane emissions certificates, signaling continued development of certificate-backed differentiated gas transactions. (Read the announcement)

Report: Differentiated Natural Gas: A Buyer’s Perspective

ERM’s January 2026 report, Differentiated Natural Gas: A Buyer’s Perspective, examines how gas purchasers evaluate methane performance, certification schemes, and data credibility in procurement decisions. The report highlights growing demand for transparent MRV, consistent standards, and frameworks to support risk management and voluntary emissions reduction goals. (Read the report)

Bloomberg: Venezuela Has the Most Methane-Intensive Oil in the World

Bloomberg reports that Venezuela’s oil is among the most methane-intensive globally, with upstream methane emissions per unit of gas produced far above typical producer levels, driven by dilapidated infrastructure, routine venting and flaring, and high energy demand for heavy crude extraction. (Read more)

The Highwood Bulletin is our way of sharing what we learn. We publish regular updates on emissions management news, novel research, and special insights from our team of experts and our partners.

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The Highwood Bulletin 083

In this article

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EPA Repeals Endangerment Finding

EU Offers Simpler Path for Methane Regulation

IEA Report: Methane Reductions by National Oil Companies

MethaneSAT Provides Global Assessment

EEMDL Releases Interim Final Verification Protocol

Version 3 of NGSI Methods Released

White Paper: Next Steps for the EU Methane Regulation: Implications for U.S. and Global Gas Suppliers

Zeitview Acquires Methane Detection Firm Insight M

EDF’s Lessons from OGMP 2.0 Company Disclosures

MiQ Announces New Deals and Certifications

Report: Differentiated Natural Gas: A Buyer’s Perspective

Bloomberg: Venezuela Has the Most Methane-Intensive Oil in the World

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